Environmental
Water, air, energy & ecosystems. Here are all 25 working models in this field — each with a full build and working principle.
Layered Water Filter
Sand, gravel and charcoal layers visibly clear muddy water — a model of natural and plant filtration.
Pizza-Box Solar Oven
Foil and plastic wrap turn a pizza box into an oven that melts chocolate with only sunlight.
Wind Turbine Generator
Blades drive a small generator to light an LED, modelling clean wind power.
Solar Still
Sunlight evaporates dirty water and recondenses it clean — a survival desalination model.
Compost Temperature Log
Track how a compost pile heats up as microbes break down waste.
Rain Gauge
Build and calibrate a gauge to measure rainfall and track it over weeks.
Dust & Air Quality Test
Sticky cards around your home reveal where airborne dust and particles settle most.
Water Wheel Generator
Falling water spins a wheel that drives a generator — a model of hydroelectric power.
Microbial Mud Battery
Soil microbes generate a trickle of electricity in a two-electrode mud cell.
Greenhouse Effect Demo
Two jars, one sealed, show how trapped air heats faster under a lamp.
Oil Spill Cleanup Test
Test which materials best soak up or contain oil floating on water.
Soil Erosion Model
Pour 'rain' over bare and planted soil to see how roots hold land in place.
Solar Phone Charger
Wire solar cells to charge a small battery or device from sunlight.
Hydroponics Garden
Grow plants in nutrient water without soil and compare growth to potted plants.
Plastic Breakdown Test
Bury different plastics and 'natural' materials to see what breaks down over weeks.
Acid Rain on Plants
Water seedlings with mild vinegar solutions to model acid rain's effect on growth.
Rainwater Harvesting
Model a rooftop catchment that channels rain into a storage tank.
Wave Energy Model
A bobbing float drives a simple generator to capture energy from water waves.
Solar Water Pump
A solar panel powers a pump to lift water — clean energy for irrigation.
Smart Irrigation
A moisture sensor and valve water a garden bed only when it actually needs it.
Carbon Footprint Tool
Build a simple calculator that estimates a household's carbon footprint from daily habits.
Green Roof Model
Compare a planted roof to a bare one for cooling and rainwater absorption.
Water Quality Tester
Use simple tests to compare clarity, pH and temperature of water from different sources.
Tidal Energy Model
Rising and falling water levels drive a turbine to model predictable tidal power.
Albedo Heat Test
Different coloured surfaces in the sun reach different temperatures — a model of urban heat and climate.